Test on Audience
Another name for the effects model
Another name is Hypodermic Model.
What were the concerns of the Frankfurt School in
• Europe
The power in which modern mass media has to propagandise on behalf of fascism.
• America
They refined their model in an era of expanding media output in post-war America. They articulated criticisms of a capitalist system which controlled media output, creating a stupefying mass culture that eliminated or marginalised opposition or alternatives.
What are moral watchdogs?
They took issue with TV output that was deemed to be explicitly sexual, too violent or in other ways offensive. Their concerns were for those vulnerable members of the population who could be corrupted as a result of such material.
What does NVLA stand for?
National Viewers and Listeners Association.
What kind of psychology is the effects model based on?
The behaviourist explanation of human behaviour is looking increasingly hard to justify as we have come to develop a fuller understanding of the complexities of human behaviours, which is not predictable nor is it controllable. These are also the difficulties of linking cause and effect in terms of how we engage with media texts. Other criticisms of this model centre on the stress that it places on the audience as passive, whereas newer models suggest that the audience is much more active than was initially supposed.
What is the basic problem with the effects model as a way of explaining anti-social or deviant behaviour?
Thursday, 9 October 2008
Wednesday, 1 October 2008
How is Continuity maintained in...
..Tess of the D'Urbervilles
What is Continuity?
-uninterrupted connection or union
-used in making a film in order to avoid discontinuities between shots
-the property of a continuous and connected period of time
How is it maintained in Tess of the D'Urbervilles?
The first 3 minutes lack obvious continuity, this is mainly because it is referring to the last episode so is more like a trailor with the best scenes cut together. The frst exampe of continuty is shown at 3 minutes 30 seconds where the host is guiding the couple through the house. She walks in from the right and leaves on the left, the shot is then focused on the couple and you see the host continuing her journey out of the room. This is one way that coninuity is maintained, the producers have made sure that the two different shots have linked together smoothly.
Another way continuity is maintained is keeping the lighting the same, a drastic change in ligting would distorientate the shots and make the drama less believable and less easy to become involved with. A simple factor like lighting makes a huge difference to the continuity of a drama, the lighting in Tess of the D'Urbervilles just happens to be dim lit with candles to help convey the period of the drama.
Moreover, other ways contiuity has been maintined in Tess of the D'Urbervilles is seating/standing positions and the scenery. For example, the converation at 10 minutes. Both characters are seated opposite eachother, the femaleith a fire behind her and the male with a table next to him. It would be bad continuity if all of a sudden the female was sat at the table and the male at the fire. So the continuity is maintained by keepng positions and surroundings he same.
A further way continuity is maintained is extras, if in one shot there are a group of females talking and then there are suddenly a group of boys playi footbal, the coninuity would be disruped. In Tess of the D'Urbervilles, a wedding scene at the beginning with close family surrounding the couple, everytime they ae seen, they are the same people, and are in the same positions doing the same things everytime.
Another way continuity is remained is with sound. In Tess of the D'Urbervilles there is no music, just natural sounds and speech. At 30 minutes you can hear bird song, the continuity of this is that it is a contineous sound, it is not broken up and randomly strung together..
Basically, most things from the previous post apply to continuity, for example the costumes, hair and make-up are kept the same between each shot to maintain continuity. In conclusion, some elements to maintianing contnuity in Tess of the D'Urbervilles is ighting, positions, scenery and costumes.
=]
What is Continuity?
-uninterrupted connection or union
-used in making a film in order to avoid discontinuities between shots
-the property of a continuous and connected period of time
How is it maintained in Tess of the D'Urbervilles?
The first 3 minutes lack obvious continuity, this is mainly because it is referring to the last episode so is more like a trailor with the best scenes cut together. The frst exampe of continuty is shown at 3 minutes 30 seconds where the host is guiding the couple through the house. She walks in from the right and leaves on the left, the shot is then focused on the couple and you see the host continuing her journey out of the room. This is one way that coninuity is maintained, the producers have made sure that the two different shots have linked together smoothly.
Another way continuity is maintained is keeping the lighting the same, a drastic change in ligting would distorientate the shots and make the drama less believable and less easy to become involved with. A simple factor like lighting makes a huge difference to the continuity of a drama, the lighting in Tess of the D'Urbervilles just happens to be dim lit with candles to help convey the period of the drama.
Moreover, other ways contiuity has been maintined in Tess of the D'Urbervilles is seating/standing positions and the scenery. For example, the converation at 10 minutes. Both characters are seated opposite eachother, the femaleith a fire behind her and the male with a table next to him. It would be bad continuity if all of a sudden the female was sat at the table and the male at the fire. So the continuity is maintained by keepng positions and surroundings he same.
A further way continuity is maintained is extras, if in one shot there are a group of females talking and then there are suddenly a group of boys playi footbal, the coninuity would be disruped. In Tess of the D'Urbervilles, a wedding scene at the beginning with close family surrounding the couple, everytime they ae seen, they are the same people, and are in the same positions doing the same things everytime.
Another way continuity is remained is with sound. In Tess of the D'Urbervilles there is no music, just natural sounds and speech. At 30 minutes you can hear bird song, the continuity of this is that it is a contineous sound, it is not broken up and randomly strung together..
Basically, most things from the previous post apply to continuity, for example the costumes, hair and make-up are kept the same between each shot to maintain continuity. In conclusion, some elements to maintianing contnuity in Tess of the D'Urbervilles is ighting, positions, scenery and costumes.
=]
Thursday, 25 September 2008
Media Studies Lesson:
10 Decisions fpr Making Lost in Austen Episode
Attire - They must find suitable cothing to suit the time period of the series. The correct fashions and trends of the 1800's. This includes suitable hair styles, for example; natural or permed hair. No dyes.
Language - They would have had to research amd immitate the dialect of the 1800's so that it fits with their other chosen elememnts. This makes the scenes more believable.
Setting - The set would have had to have been chosen to suit the British 1800's era. It would not have worked as well if the characters were dressed in edwardian clothing acting in a busy city. So the setting has been chosen to fit with all the other elements again.
Cast - An able cast should be selected to replicate the era through dialect, characteristics, relationships etc...
Props - You would not have seen a digital watch in this production so the producers had to think about the ncorrect use of props. This would include items such as parasoles, fans, old fashioned weapons, oil lamps, decoration and furnishings etc..
Target Audience – This series is aimed at young adults to adults. I feel that it was planned for both sexes; however it is probably seen more as a woman’s preference due to the romance and tranquillity of the programme.
Script – This programme is based on Jane Austin’s novel of Pride and Prejudice so the script and story line must follow to a certain extent. The events must correspond with the other elements. They adapt the novel to suit a TV drama. (Before doing this they must gain permission from copyright holders of the novel)
Cinematography – In the making of a programme they must consider the correct way of using the camera. Different types of shots would have been used for different scenes. These shots would vary depending on what the characters were doing, the mood, and the personalities. (Cinematography would be different with a walking couple than a card game)
Lighting – The light would be different in this to a modern programme as electricity did not exist, for example.. the scene would be lit with oil lamps etc..
Attire - They must find suitable cothing to suit the time period of the series. The correct fashions and trends of the 1800's. This includes suitable hair styles, for example; natural or permed hair. No dyes.
Language - They would have had to research amd immitate the dialect of the 1800's so that it fits with their other chosen elememnts. This makes the scenes more believable.
Setting - The set would have had to have been chosen to suit the British 1800's era. It would not have worked as well if the characters were dressed in edwardian clothing acting in a busy city. So the setting has been chosen to fit with all the other elements again.
Cast - An able cast should be selected to replicate the era through dialect, characteristics, relationships etc...
Props - You would not have seen a digital watch in this production so the producers had to think about the ncorrect use of props. This would include items such as parasoles, fans, old fashioned weapons, oil lamps, decoration and furnishings etc..
Target Audience – This series is aimed at young adults to adults. I feel that it was planned for both sexes; however it is probably seen more as a woman’s preference due to the romance and tranquillity of the programme.
Script – This programme is based on Jane Austin’s novel of Pride and Prejudice so the script and story line must follow to a certain extent. The events must correspond with the other elements. They adapt the novel to suit a TV drama. (Before doing this they must gain permission from copyright holders of the novel)
Cinematography – In the making of a programme they must consider the correct way of using the camera. Different types of shots would have been used for different scenes. These shots would vary depending on what the characters were doing, the mood, and the personalities. (Cinematography would be different with a walking couple than a card game)
Lighting – The light would be different in this to a modern programme as electricity did not exist, for example.. the scene would be lit with oil lamps etc..
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